हिंदीENEnglish

Constitution of India

All schedules
Schedule 8

Eighth Schedule

Languages

Linked articles: Articles 344(1) and 351

Languages

1.Assamese.

2.Bengali.

¹[3.Bodo.

4.Dogri.]

²[5.]Gujarati.

³[6.]Hindi.

³[7.]Kannada.

³[8.]Kashmiri.

⁴[³[9.] Konkani.]

¹[10.Maithili.]

⁵[11.]Malayalam.

⁴[⁶[12.] Manipuri.]

⁶[13.]Marathi.

⁴[⁶[14.] Nepali.]

⁶[15.]⁷[Odia].

⁶[16.]Punjabi.

⁶[17.]Sanskrit.

⁸[18.Santhali.]

⁹[¹⁰[19.] Sindhi.]

¹¹[20.]Tamil.

¹¹[21.]Telugu.

¹¹[22.]Urdu.

Amendment notes

  1. ¹Ins. by the Constitution (Ninety-second Amendment) Act, 2003, s. 2 (w.e.f. 7-1-2004).
  2. ²Entry 3 renumbered as entry 5 by s. 2 of the Constitution (Ninety-second Amendment) Act, 2003 (w.e.f. 7-1-2004).
  3. ³Entries 4 to 7 renumbered as entries 6 to 9 by s. 2 of the Constitution (Ninety-second Amendment) Act, 2003 (w.e.f. 7-1-2004).
  4. ⁴Ins. by the Constitution (Seventy-first Amendment) Act, 1992, s. 2 (w.e.f. 31-8-1992).
  5. ⁵Entry 8 renumbered as entry 11 by the Constitution (Ninety-second Amendment) Act, 2003, s. 2 (w.e.f. 7-1-2004).
  6. ⁶Entries 9 to 14 renumbered as entries 12 to 17 by s. 2 of the Constitution (Ninety-second Amendment) Act, 2003 (w.e.f. 7-1-2004).
  7. ⁷Subs. by the Constitution (Ninety-sixth Amendment) Act, 2011, s. 2, for "Oriya" (w.e.f. 23-9-2011).
  8. ⁸Ins. by the Constitution (Ninety-second Amendment) Act, 2003, s. 2 (w.e.f. 7-1-2004).
  9. ⁹Added by the Constitution (Twenty-first Amendment) Act, 1967, s. 2 (w.e.f. 10-4-1967).
  10. ¹⁰Entry 15 renumbered as entry 19 by the Constitution (Ninety-second Amendment) Act, 2003, s. 2 (w.e.f. 7-1-2004).
  11. ¹¹Entries 16 to 18 renumbered as entries 20 to 22 by s. 2 of the Constitution (Ninety-second Amendment) Act, 2003 (w.e.f. 7-1-2004).

Constitution of India, as on 1 May 2026. The small raised numbers in the text point to the amendment notes below.