Section 197
Ratification may be expressed or implied
Chapter 11: Agency
Ratification may be expressed or may be implied in the conduct of the person on whose behalf the acts are done.
Illustrations.
(a)A, without authority, buys goods for B. Afterwards B sells them to C on his own account; B‟s conduct implies a ratification of the purchase made for him by A. (b)A, without B‟s authority, lends B‟s money to C. Afterwards B accepts interest on the money from C. B‟s conduct implies a ratification of the loan.
The Indian Contract Act, 1872 (Act No. 9 of 1872). From the updated text on India Code, with later amendments. Being checked against the official copy; amendment notes are not shown yet.
Related sections
- 194Relation between principal and person duly appointed by agent to act in business of agency
- 195Agent‟s duty in naming such person
- 196Right of person as to acts done for him without his authority
- 198Knowledge requisite for valid ratification
- 199Effect of ratifying unauthorized act forming part of a transaction
- 200Ratification of unauthorized act cannot injure third person